Directional Pronouns
Pashto has 3 directional pronouns that indicate the direction that a word is focussed towards.
| Person | Directional Pronoun |
|---|---|
| 1st | را raa me, we |
| 2nd | در dăr you, you (pl.) |
| 3rd | ور wăr him, her, it, them |
With the Verb "to give"
There are different verbs used for "to give" depending on which direction the giving is happening.
| Person Receiving | Verb |
|---|---|
| 1st | راکول - raakawúl (to give to me/us) |
| 2nd | درکول - dărkawúl (to give to you/you pl.) |
| 3rd | ورکول - wărkawul (to give to him/her/it/them) |
The choice of را، در، ور - raa, dăr, wăr depends on who is on the receiving end of the giving.
With "to go"
It's very common to add the directional pronouns in front of the verbs "to go" to indication which direction someone is going.
| Direction | Verb |
|---|---|
| تلل - tlúl (to go) | |
| 1st | راتلل - raatlúl (to come - here, to me/us) |
| 2nd | درتلل - dărtlúl (to go - to you) |
| 3rd | ورتلل - wărtlúl (to go - there, to him/her/them) |
These directional verbs are really common when talking about someone knowing a language, because in Pashto we can say that a language "goes to" someone if they know it.
With other verbs
These directional pronouns can also get added on to all kinds of other verbs to make the direction clearer. Note that when they do get added on, they go before the و - óo prefix in the perfective forms.
| Verb | Example W/ Directional Pronoun |
|---|---|
لېږل legúl to send | دا عکس راولېږه daa aks raa-óoleGa Send me that picture سمه ده. اوس یې درلېږم. sama da. oos ye dăr-léGum Ok. I'm sending you it now |
استول astawul to send | پرون یې پیغام راواستاوه. paróon ye paygháam raa-wáastawu. She sent me a message yesterday. زه به ورته یو پیغام ورواستوم. zu ba wăr-ta yo payghaan wăr-wáastawum. I'll send her a message. |
In Some Sandwiches
These directional pronouns can be used instead of regular pronouns in the following sandwiches:
- "to" ... ته - ... ta etc.
- "from" له ... نه - la ... na, له ... څخه - la ... tsukha etc.
- "with" له ... سره - la ... sara, etc.
When you put these directional pronouns in these sandwiches, the first part (له - la, د - du) is always left out.
As Prefixes on Adjectives
👷♂️ Coming Soon ✍